Description of the active substance:
This information is a reference and it is not enough that the drug has been prescribed by a doctor ..
PHARMACHOLOGIC EFFECT
Cephalosporin antibiotic III generation of a broad spectrum of action. Has a bactericidal effect by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Ceftazidime acetylates membrane-bound transpeptidases, thereby violating the cross-linking of peptidoglycans necessary to ensure the strength and rigidity of the cell wall.
Active in relation to aerobic, anaerobic, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, incl. Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ceftazidime is active against strains of pathogens resistant to ampicillin, methicillin, aminoglycosides and many cephalosporins.
Resistant to the action of? -lactamases.
PHARMACOKINETICS
Binding to plasma proteins is 10-17%. It is distributed in tissues and body fluids. Therapeutic concentrations are achieved in the cerebrospinal fluid. Penetrates through the placental barrier, excreted in breast milk. In small amounts excreted in bile. The main part (80-90%) is excreted unchanged in urine.
INDICATIONS
Infectious-inflammatory diseases of severe course caused by microorganisms sensitive to ceftazidime, incl. peritonitis, sepsis; Cholangitis, empyema of the gallbladder; infections of the pelvic organs; pneumonia, lung abscess, pleural empyema; pyelonephritis, kidney abscess; infections of bones, joints, skin and soft tissues, infected wounds and burns. Infectious processes caused by hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Severe infectious and inflammatory diseases in patients with reduced immunity.
DOSING MODE
Established individually, depending on the location and severity of the infection, the sensitivity of the pathogen. Enter in / m or / in. Adults - 0.5-2 g every 8 or 12 hours. Children aged 1 month to 12 years - 30-50 mg / kg / day, the frequency of administration 2-3 times / day; at the age of 1 month - 30 mg / kg / day with an interval of 12 hours.
In patients with impaired renal function, the dosage regimen is corrected taking into account the CK values.
The maximum daily intake for adults and children is 6 g.
SIDE EFFECT
On the part of the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, transient increase in hepatic transaminase activity, cholestatic jaundice, hepatitis, pseudomembranous colitis.
Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching, eosinophilia; rarely - angioedema.
From the hemopoietic system: with prolonged use in high doses, changes in the pattern of peripheral blood (leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia) are possible.
From the side of the blood coagulation system: hypoprothrombinemia.
From the side of the urinary system: interstitial nephritis.
Effects caused by chemotherapeutic action: Candidiasis.
Local reactions: phlebitis (with iv introduction), soreness at the injection site (with an / m introduction).
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Hypersensitivity to ceftazidime and other cephalosporins.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION
Adequate and strictly controlled studies of the safety of ceftazidime during pregnancy have not been conducted.
The use of ceftazidime in pregnancy and during lactation is possible in cases where the intended benefit of therapy for the mother exceeds the potential risk to the fetus.
Ceftazidime is excreted in breast milk in low concentrations.
In experimental animal studies, teratogenic and embryotoxic effects of ceftazidime were not detected.
APPLICATION FOR FUNCTIONS OF THE LIVER
Use with caution in patients with severe renal dysfunction.
APPLICATION FOR CHILDREN
Use with caution in newborns.
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
Caution is used in patients with severe renal dysfunction, as well as in newborns.
In patients with hypersensitivity to penicillins, allergic reactions to cephalosporin antibiotics are possible.
In the period of ceftazidime, a positive direct Coombs reaction and a false positive urine reaction to glucose are possible.
With caution apply simultaneously with the "loop" diuretics, aminoglycosides.
Do not mix ceftazidime in one syringe with aminoglycosides.
DRUG INTERACTION
When used simultaneously with drugs that may have a nephrotoxic effect (including antibiotics of the aminoglycoside group), nephrotoxic effect may be enhanced;with furosemide - increases the risk of developing nephrotoxic action.
In vitro, chloramphenicol acts as an antagonist of ceftazidime and other cephalosporins. The clinical significance of this phenomenon is not established, but in the case of simultaneous use of ceftazidime and chloramphenicol, possible antagonistic action should be taken into account.
