Description of the active substance:
This information is a reference and it is not enough that the drug has been prescribed by a doctor ..
PHARMACHOLOGIC EFFECT
M-holinoretseptor blocker. In comparison with atropine has a less pronounced effect on peripheral m-holinoretseptory (the effect on the smooth muscle cells of the gastrointestinal tract and the circular muscle of the iris is 5-10 times weaker than atropine). Blocking m-holinoretseptory, violates the transmission of nerve impulses from postganglionic cholinergic nerves to the effector organs and tissues innervated by them (heart, smooth muscle organs, external secretion glands); suppresses also n-holinoretseptory (much weaker). Holin-blocking effect is more pronounced against a background of increased tone of the parasympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system or the action of m-cholinostimulators.
To a lesser extent than atropine, causes tachycardia, especially when used in high doses. Decreasing the effect of n.vagus, improves the conductivity of the heart, increases the excitability of the myocardium, increases the minute volume. It has a direct myotropic antispasmodic effect, causes the expansion of small vessels of the skin. In high doses, the vasomotor center depresses and blocks the sympathetic ganglia, as a result of which the vessels dilate and BP decreases (mainly with IV introduction). Weaker atropine depresses the secretion of endocrine glands; causes a marked decrease in the tone of smooth muscles, the amplitude and frequency of peristaltic contractions of the stomach, duodenum, small and large intestine, a moderate decrease in the tone of the gallbladder (in persons with hyperkinesia of bile ducts); at a hypokinesia - a tonus of a cholic bubble raises or increases up to a normal status. It causes relaxation of the smooth muscles of the uterus, bladder and urinary tract; providing spasmolytic action, eliminates pain syndrome. Relaxes the smooth musculature of the bronchi, caused by an increase in the tone of n.vagus or holinostimuljatorami, increases the volume of breathing, inhibits the secretion of the bronchial glands; reduces the tone of sphincters.
When instilled into the conjunctival sac of the eye and parenteral administration, the pupil dilates due to relaxation of the circular muscle of the iris. At the same time, the intraocular pressure rises and paralysis of accommodation sets in (relaxation of the ciliary muscle of the ciliary body). In comparison with atropine, the effect on accommodation is less and shorter. Excites the brain and respiratory center, mostly - the spinal cord (in high doses, cramps, CNS depression, vasomotor and respiratory centers are possible). Penetrates through the BBB.
PHARMACOKINETICS
After oral administration, it is well absorbed from the digestive tract. It is subjected to hydrolysis with the formation of platinetsin and platinic acid.
INDICATIONS
Peptic ulcer of stomach and duodenum, pylorospasm, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, intestinal colic, renal colic, biliary colic; bronchial asthma (for the prevention of bronchial and laryngospasm), bronchorrhea; algodismenorea; spasm of cerebral arteries; angiotrophoneurosis; arterial hypertension, angina pectoris (as part of combination therapy).
Expansion of the pupil with a diagnostic purpose (including examination of the fundus, determination of the true refraction of the eye); acute inflammatory diseases of the eyes (including iritis, iridocyclitis, keratitis), eye trauma.
DOSING MODE
Applied internally, parenterally (sc, in / in), rectally, topically in ophthalmology.
The dose depends on the indications, the route of administration, the age of the patient.
SIDE EFFECT
On the part of the digestive system: dry mouth, thirst, atony intestines.
From the cardiovascular system: a decrease in blood pressure, tachycardia.
From the side of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system: CNS excitation, dizziness, pupil dilated, paralysis of accommodation, headache, photophobia, convulsions, acute psychosis.
From the urinary system: difficulty urinating, retention of urine.
Other: atelectasis of the lung.
Adverse reactions are most likely when using platifillin in high doses.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Hypersensitivity to platyphylline.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION
Data on the safety of platyphylline during pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding) are not available.
APPLICATION FOR FUNCTIONS OF THE LIVER
Use with caution in renal failure (risk of side effects due to decreased excretion).
APPLICATION FOR VIOLATIONS OF THE FUNCTION OF KIDNEYS
Use with caution in case of liver failure.
APPLICATION FOR CHILDREN
Use with caution in chronic lung diseases in young children (a decrease in bronchial secretion can lead to a thickening of the secret and the formation of congestion in the bronchi); brain damage in children (effects from the central nervous system may be intensified); Down's disease (possibly an unusual dilated pupil and increased heart rate), infantile cerebral palsy (reaction to anticholinergics may be most pronounced).
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
C use caution in patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system, in which an increase in heart rate may be undesirable: atrial fibrillation, tachycardia, chronic heart failure, coronary heart disease, mitral stenosis, hypertension, acute bleeding; with thyrotoxicosis (tachycardia may be increased); elevated temperature (may still increase due to suppression of the activity of sweat glands); with reflux esophagitis, hernia of the esophagus of the diaphragm, combined with reflux esophagitis (decreased esophageal and gastric motility and relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter may contribute to a slowdown in gastric emptying and increased gastroesophageal reflux through the sphincter with impaired function); with gastrointestinal diseases accompanied by obstruction - achalasia of the esophagus, stenosis of the pylorus (there may be a decrease in motor and tone, leading to obstruction and retention of the stomach contents), intestinal atony in elderly patients or weakened patients (possible obstruction), paralytic intestinal obstruction; with an increase in intraocular pressure, a closed-angle (mydriatic effect leading to increased intraocular pressure, can cause an acute attack) and open-angle glaucoma (mydriatic effect may cause some increase in intraocular pressure, correction of therapy may be required); with nonspecific ulcerative colitis (high doses can inhibit intestinal peristalsis, increasing the probability of paralytic intestinal obstruction, in addition, manifestation or exacerbation of such a serious complication as a toxic megacolon); when dry in the mouth (prolonged use may cause a further increase in the severity of xerostomia); with hepatic insufficiency (decreased metabolism) and renal failure (risk of side effects due to reduced excretion); with chronic lung diseases, especially in young children and weakened patients (a decrease in bronchial secretion can lead to a thickening of the secret and the formation of congestion in the bronchi); with myasthenia gravis (the condition may worsen due to inhibition of the action of acetylcholine); hypertrophy of the prostate without obstruction of the urinary tract, urinary retention or predisposition to it or diseases accompanied by urinary tract obstruction (including the bladder neck due to prostatic hypertrophy); at gestosis (hypertension is possible); brain damage in children (effects from the central nervous system may be intensified); Down's disease (possibly an unusual dilated pupil and increased heart rate), infantile cerebral palsy (reaction to anticholinergics may be most pronounced).
Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and manage mechanisms
It is necessary to refrain from potentially dangerous activities requiring increased attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.
DRUG INTERACTION
With simultaneous use with haloperidol in patients with schizophrenia may reduce the antipsychotic effect.
Platifillin is a proserin antagonist.
With simultaneous use, the duration of the hypnotics of phenobarbital, ethaminal sodium, magnesium sulfate increases.
With simultaneous use with other m-holinoblokatorami, as well as with drugs that have m-cholinoblocking activity (including amantadine, haloperidol, phenothiazine, MAO inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, some antihistamines), the risk of side effects increases.
Morphine increases the inhibitory effect of platyphylline on the cardiovascular system.
When used simultaneously with MAO inhibitors, a positive chrono- and batmotropic effect is observed; with cardiac glycosides - a positive butmotropic effect.
With pain associated with spasms of smooth muscles, the action of platyphylline is strengthened by analgesics, sedatives and anxiolytic drugs, with vascular spasms - hypotensive and sedatives.
