Description of the active substance:
This information is a reference and it is not enough that the drug has been prescribed by a doctor ..
PHARMACHOLOGIC EFFECT
Antibiotic group macrolides, is a representative of azalides. Suppresses RNA-dependent protein synthesis of sensitive microorganisms.
It is active against Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes (group A));Gram-negative bacteria: Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Haemophilus ducreyi, Moraxella catarrhalis, Escherichia coli, Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, Borrelia burgdorferi, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Campylobacter spp., Legionella pneumophila; anaerobic bacteria: Bacteroides fragilis.
Azithromycin is also active against Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis, Treponema pallidum.
It is also active against Toxoplasma gondii.
PHARMACOKINETICS
Quickly absorbed from the digestive tract. Eating lowers the absorption of azithromycin. C max in plasma is achieved in 2-3 hours. It is quickly distributed in tissues and biological fluids. 35% of azithromycin is metabolized in the liver by demethylation. More than 59% is excreted in bile in unchanged form, about 4.5% - with urine in unchanged form.
INDICATIONS
Infectious-inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to azithromycin, incl. bronchitis, pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections, otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, gonorrhea and non-renal urethritis and / or cervicitis, Lyme disease (borreliosis).
DOSING MODE
Established individually, taking into account the nosological form, the severity of the disease and the sensitivity of the pathogen.
Adults inside - 0.25-1 g 1 time / day; children - 5-10 mg / kg 1 time / day. Duration of treatment is 2-5 days.
SIDE EFFECT
On the part of the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, flatulence, diarrhea, abdominal pain, transient increase in the activity of liver enzymes; rarely - cholestatic jaundice.
Allergic reactions: rarely - skin rash, angioedema, erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Dermatological reactions: rarely - photosensitivity.
From the side of the central nervous system: dizziness, headache; rarely - drowsiness, weakness.
From the hemopoietic system: rarely - leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia.
From the cardiovascular system: rarely - pain in the chest.
From the genitourinary system: vaginitis; rarely - candidiasis, nephritis, increasing residual urea nitrogen.
Other: rarely - hyperglycemia, arthralgia.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Hypersensitivity to azithromycin and other antibiotics of the macrolide group.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION
Azithromycin penetrates the placental barrier. Use in pregnancy is possible only in cases where the intended benefit to the mother exceeds the potential risk to the fetus.
If azithromycin is to be used during lactation, the question of stopping breastfeeding should be resolved.
APPLICATION FOR FUNCTIONS OF THE LIVER
Use with caution for violations of kidney function.
APPLICATION FOR VIOLATIONS OF THE FUNCTION OF KIDNEYS
It is not recommended for use in patients with impaired liver function.
APPLICATION FOR CHILDREN
The application is possible according to the dosing regimen.
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
It is not recommended for use in patients with impaired liver function.
Use with caution for violations of kidney function.
Azithromycin should be taken at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after ingestion or antacids.
DRUG INTERACTION
With the simultaneous application of ergot alkaloids, one can not exclude the risk of ergotism.
With the simultaneous use of azithromycin with warfarin, there are cases of increased effects of the latter.
With the simultaneous use of digoxin or digitoxin with azithromycin, a significant increase in the concentration of cardiac glycosides in the blood plasma and the risk of developing glycosidic intoxication are possible.
With simultaneous use with disopyramide, the case of ventricular fibrillation has been described.
With simultaneous application with lovastatinom, cases of rhabdomyolysis have been described.
With simultaneous use with rifabutin increases the risk of developing neutropenia and leukopenia.
With simultaneous use, the metabolism of cyclosporine is impaired, which increases the risk of side effects and toxic reactions caused by cyclosporine.
