Description of the active substance:
This information is a reference and it is not enough that the drug was prescribed by a doctor. .
PHARMACHOLOGIC EFFECT
Antitumor agent of alkylating action. Interacts with SH-groups. Inhibits the synthesis of purine bases and DNA.
PHARMACOKINETICS
Binding to proteins is low. It penetrates through the BBB in limited quantities. Intensively metabolized in the liver. T 1/2 in the initial phase is 19 minutes, in the final - 5 hours. In violation of kidney and liver function, T 1/2 increases. It is excreted by the kidneys in unchanged form and in the form of metabolites - 40% for 6 hours.
INDICATIONS
Malignant melanoma, lymphogranulomatosis, soft tissue sarcoma.
It is possible to use as a second-line drug for testicular tumors, malignant neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract and neuroblastoma.
DOSING MODE
Established individually, depending on the indications and stage of the disease, the state of the hematopoiesis system, the scheme of antitumor therapy.
SIDE EFFECT
On the part of the hematopoiesis system: leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia.
On the part of the digestive system: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis; in some cases - violations of the liver, thrombosis of the hepatic veins, toxic dystrophy of the liver.
From the side of the reproductive system: amenorrhea, azoospermia.
Dermatological reactions: alopecia, skin rash.
Other: hyperemia, hypoesthesia of the face; in isolated cases - a violation of kidney function.
After a single injection in a high dose, it is possible to develop an influenza-like syndrome , accompanied by an increase in body temperature and myalgia.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Myelodepression, pregnancy, hypersensitivity to dacarbazine.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION
Dakarbazin is contraindicated in pregnancy. If it is necessary to use lactation, breastfeeding should be discontinued.
Women of childbearing age should use reliable methods of contraception.
In experimental studies, toxic effects of dacarbazine on the fetus have been identified.
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
Do not recommend the use of dacarbazine in patients with chickenpox (including recently transferred and after contact with the sick), with herpes zoster and other acute infectious diseases.
Use with caution in patients who have previously received cytotoxic drugs or radiation therapy.
Before and during the treatment it is necessary to control the pattern of peripheral blood, urea nitrogen level, creatinine, uric acid, liver transaminase activity, LDH and bilirubin concentration in blood plasma.
Against the background of therapy, it is not recommended to vaccinate patients and their families.
When carrying out combined antitumor therapy dacarbazine is used primarily in combination with bleomycin, cisplatinum, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine and prednisolone.
In experimental studies, a carcinogenic and mutagenic effect of dacarbazine has been established.
DRUG INTERACTION
When combined with drugs - inducers of microsomal liver enzymes (including phenobarbital, rifampicin, phenytoin), it is possible to enhance the metabolism of dacarbazine.
When used simultaneously with phenobarbital, azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine, the toxic effect of dacarbazine is enhanced.
