Description of the active substance:
This information is a reference and it is not enough that the drug has been prescribed by a doctor ..
PHARMACHOLOGIC EFFECT
Anticonvulsants, refers to barbiturates. Reduces the excitability of neurons in the epileptogenic focus. Causes mildly expressed hypnotic effect.
PHARMACOKINETICS
After ingestion quickly and completely absorbed from the digestive tract. Bioavailability is more than 90%. T max - achieved after 3 hours. V d - 0.64-0.86 l / kg.Primodon is metabolized in the liver with the formation of 2 active metabolites: phenobarbital - 15-25% and phenylethylmalonamide. Binding primidone to plasma proteins - 20%, phenobarbital - 50%, phenylethylmalonamide - insignificant. T 1/2 of primidon, phenobarbital and phenylethylmalonamide - 3-23, 75-126 and 10-25 hours, respectively. It is excreted by the kidneys in the form of primidone - 64%, phenobarbital - 5.1%, phenylethylmalonamide - 6.6%
Primidone and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk, where their average concentration is 75% of the C ss in the blood.
INDICATIONS
Epilepsy of various genesis, manifested mainly by large convulsive seizures. Less effective in focal, myoclonic, akinetic attacks.
DOSING MODE
Established individually, starting with a single dose of 125 mg once inside after meals, then every 3 days the daily dose is increased by 250 mg - for adults and 125 mg - for children under 9 years, until the desired effect is achieved. The maximum daily intake for adults is 1.5 g, for children - 1 g (in 2 divided doses).
SIDE EFFECT
From the side of the central nervous system: there may be drowsiness, apathy, anxiety, headache, dizziness; rarely - nystagmus, ataxia, psychotic reactions.
On the part of the digestive system: nausea and vomiting are possible.
From the hemopoietic system: rarely - leukopenia, lymphocytosis; in some cases - megaloblastic anemia.
Other: allergic reactions possible; rarely - lupus-like syndrome, arthralgia.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Diseases of the liver, kidneys and hematopoiesis system; pregnancy, lactation; hypersensitivity to primidon.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION
Contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding).
APPLICATION FOR FUNCTIONS OF THE LIVER
Contraindicated in diseases of the kidneys.
APPLICATION FOR VIOLATIONS OF THE FUNCTION OF KIDNEYS
Contraindicated in diseases of the liver.
APPLICATION FOR CHILDREN
Use with caution in children.
APPLICATION IN ELDERLY PATIENTS
Use with caution in elderly patients. With prolonged use, it is possible to develop drug dependence.
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
The abolition of therapy and the replacement of primidone are carried out gradually.
Use with caution in elderly and weakened patients. With prolonged use, it is possible to develop drug dependence.
In the case of megaloblastic anemia, primidone should be discontinued and treated with folic acid and / or vitamin B 12 .
Use with caution in children.
Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and manage mechanisms
Primidone causes a decrease in the rate of psychomotor reactions, so during the period of treatment should avoid driving the car, working with mechanisms and other potentially hazardous activities.
DRUG INTERACTION
With simultaneous application with acetazolamide, osteomalacia, rickets, and a decrease in the primidone efficacy are possible.
There are reports of an increase, decrease and no change in the concentration of primidone in blood plasma when it is simultaneously administered with valproic acid.
With simultaneous application with clonazepam, the concentration of primidone in the blood plasma increases; with phenobarbital - it is possible to increase the concentration of phenobarbital in the blood plasma.
