LEVOMITSETIN (Laevomycetinum).

     Synthetic substances identical natural antibiotic chloramphenicol, which is produced by Streptomyces microorganism venezuelae.

     D - (-) - treo-1- parameters Nitrofenil -2 - dihloratsetilamino- nitrated-1, 3.

     Synonyms : Chloramphenicol, Hlorotsid, Alficetin, Berlicetine, Biophenicol, Chemicetin, Chloramphenicolum, Chlornitromycin, Chlorocyclina, Chloromycetin, Chloronitrin, Chloroptic, Clobinecol, Detreomycina, Halomycetin, Leukomycin, Paraxin, Synthomycetin, Tifomycetin, Typhomycin and others.

     The white or yellowish white with a weak green shade, crystalline powder with a bitter taste. Little is soluble in water easily in spitre.

     Levomitsetin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic; Effective in many gram and gram bacteria rikketsy, spirohet and some of the major viruses (pathogens trachoma, fever, chlamydia and others); A strain of bacteria resistant to penicillin, streptomycin, sulfanilamidam. In normal doses has bakteriostaticheski. Slaboaktiven on Acid bacteria, Escherichia wand klostridy and simple.

     The mechanism of antimicrobial action levomitsetina involved a violation of microbial protein synthesis.

     Drug resistance to the drug develops relatively slow, with typically cross-resistance to other chemotherapy means no.

     Levomitsetin readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Once inside the maximum concentration in the blood through a 2 - 3 hours; During the 4 - 5 h after a single dose receiving treatment for blood remains therapeutically active concentration, then there has been a significant decline. Preparation is well into the bodies and body fluid; Penetrates through the blood-brain barrier, through the placenta, found in mothers' milk. Therapeutic concentrations levomitsetina in appointing him inside or locally created in vitreous body, corneal, rainbow envelope, moisture in the watery eyes; In preparation aphykia not penetrate. Levomitsetin well absorbed by Rectal introduction. Write mainly with urine, mainly in the form of inactive metabolites; Part of bile and faeces. In ulcers caused by intestinal bacteria levomitsetina hydrolysis occurs with the formation of inactive metabolites.

     Applied levomitsetin with abdominal typhoid, paratyphoid, generalized forms of salmonella, brucellosis, tularemia, meningitis, rikketsiozah, hlamidiazah.

     In other infectious etiology processes caused by infection, sensitive to the levomitsetina, drug shows if other chemotherapy drugs.

     Applied also levomitsetin field for the prevention and treatment of eye infections (conjunctivitis, Blepharitis, etc.).

     Levomitsetin used inside tablets and capsules, in the form of local-water solutions and ointments.

     Inside, in the form of tablets or capsules are usually for 30 minutes before eating (if nausea or rvoty- hour after eating).

     Under the dose for adults 0.25 - 0.5 g, 2 grams daily, in the most severe cases (typhoid fever, peritonitis, etc.) can be assigned to drug dose to 4 grams a day (under strict medical supervision and control over blood and kidney function).

     The daily dose of tablets and capsules are in the 3 - 4 admission.

     Pills extended to the designated adults only : in the early days of illness on 1, 3 g (2 pills), 2 times a day; After the normalization of body temperature of 0.65 g (1 tablet) two times a day.

     Children levomitsetin nominated in the form of tablets or capsules. Under the drug dose for children under 3 years of 10 - 15 mg / kg of 3 to 8 years for the 0.15 - 0.2 g, 8 years old - to 0.2 - 0.3 g; Take 3 to 4 times a day.

     The course of treatment is levomitsetinom 7 - 10 days. According to the testimony could be subject to good endurance and no change in the blood system, extend treatment to 2 weeks.

     Locally levomitsetin can be used as linimenta (1-10%) for the treatment of trachoma, gnoynichkovyh lesions, abrasions, burns, fractures, etc.

     When treating conjunctivitis, keratitis, can be used blefaritov Liniment 1% or 0.25% aqueous solution (eye drops). Dressing with linimentom levomitsetina used in purulent wound infection.

     When treating levomitsetinom could experience diarrhoeal events (nausea, vomiting, liquid stool), mouth irritation of mucous membranes, Wrench, skin rashes, dermatitis, skin rashes and irritation around the back passage and others.

     Please note that levomitsetin can have toxic effects on krovetvornuyu system (retikulotsitopeniya, granulotsitopeniya, sometimes reducing the number of erythrocytes). Severe cases can aplastic anaemia. Severe complications of the haematopoietic system often associated with large doses levomitsetina. The most susceptible to drug young children.

     Large doses can cause levomitsetina psychomotor disorder sputannost consciousness, visual and auditory hallucinations, eased his hearing and vision.

     Application levomitsetina sometimes accompanied by the suppression of intestinal microflora, unbalanced development, a secondary fungal infection.

     In applying levomitsetina as eye drops and ointments possible local allergic reaction.

     Treatment levomitsetinom should be under the control of blood and functional images of the liver and kidney patient.

     There can be no uncontrolled appointment levomitsetina and apply them in the milder forms of infectious processes, particularly in the child practice.

     There should be appointed levomitsetin with acute respiratory diseases, flu and preventative.

     Levomitsetin not appointed with drugs, oppressive blood (sulfanilamidy, derivatives pirazolona, cytostatics). Because of the possible changes in the metabolism of certain drugs levomitsetin not recommended for use with difeninom, neodikumarinom, butamidom, barbiturates.

     In the case of development in the employment drug nausea and vomiting are in 1 hour after a meal.

     Levomitsetin oppression is not suitable for blood, individual intolerances preparation, skin diseases (psoriasis, eczema, fungal destruction), pregnancy and newborns.

     Method of production : tablets of 0.25 and 0.5 g; The tablets, coated in 0.25 g; Pill levomitsetina prolonged action (Tabulettae Laevomycetini prolongae 0.65), containing 0.65 grams of the drug (pills dvusloynye, outside the layer contains 0.25 g levomitsetina, internal 0.4 g) in a package of 10 pieces; capsules containing 0,1; 0.25 and 0.5 g levomitsetina, in a package of 10 or 16 capsules; 0.25 % solution (eye drops) in 10 ml vials.

     For external use as a means of antisepsis are also ready solution containing levomitsetina 2, 5 g, 1 g boric acid, ethyl alcohol 70% to 100 ml; Levomitsetina alcohol solution 0.25%, 1%; W% and 5%.

     Levomitsetin member of the aerosol products levovinizol, olazol and masi <> (see Kortikomitsetin Gidrokortizona acetate).

     Storage : List B. In the dark spot.

     Ointments <<Levomekol>> (Unguentum "Laevomecol"). Contains levomitsetina 0.75 g, 4 g metiluratsila, polietilenoksida 95, 25 g (100 g). It has anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory effect.

     Applied to treat wounds festering. Masier permeate sterile disposable napkins, which gifs filled wounds. Dressings produced daily before the full clearance of chronic wounds necrotic masses.

     Perhaps the introduction of masi (fuel up to 35 X-36) in investments cavity (through the drainage tube with a syringe).

     Maze is not suitable for individual sensitivity to levomitsetinu.

     Product : 100 banks in the city

     Storage : in a dry, cool, the dark spot.

     Ointments <> (Levosin Unguentum "Laevosin"). Contains levomitsetina 1 g, 4 g sulfadimetoksina, metiluratsila 4 g, 3 g trimekaina, polietilenoksida to 100 g.

     It has anti-microbial, antiinflammatory and pain relieving effects.

     Applied to treat wounds festering wound in the first phase of the process.

     Use the same methods as masi <<Levomekol>>.

     Product : on the banks of 50 g.

     Storage : in a dry, cool, the dark spot.

     Levomitsetin is also a member of masi <<Fulevid>> (see Furatsilin).

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