Description of the active substance:
This information is a reference and it is not enough that the drug has been prescribed by a doctor ..
PHARMACHOLOGIC EFFECT
An antineoplastic agent of an alkylating action, contains platinum. The mechanism of action is associated with the formation of crosslinks between adjacent pairs of bases of guanine in DNA, which leads to suppression of biosynthesis of nucleic acids and cell death.
PHARMACOKINETICS
Metabolized by hydrolysis to form active compounds that interact with DNA. Binding to proteins is very low. However, platinum, formed from carboplatin, irreversibly binds to blood plasma proteins and is slowly excreted with a minimum of T 1/2 5 days.
T 1/2 carboplatin is 1.1-2 hours in the initial phase, 2.6-5.9 hours in the final phase. It is excreted by the kidneys - 71% within 24 hours at a CC of 60 ml / min or more.
INDICATIONS
Ovarian cancer, germ cell tumors of testis and ovaries, seminoma, malignant melanoma, head and neck tumors, lung cancer, cervical and uterine cancer, bladder cancer, osteogenic sarcoma.
DOSING MODE
Established individually, depending on the indications and stage of the disease, the state of the hematopoiesis system, the scheme of antitumor therapy.
SIDE EFFECT
From the hemopoietic system: oppression of bone marrow hematopoiesis.
On the part of the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, diarrhea or constipation, abdominal pain, decreased appetite, impaired liver function (increased activity of AST, APC, and serum bilirubin concentration).
From the side of the nervous system: asthenia, peripheral polyneuropathy (paresthesia, reduction of deep tendon reflexes), reduction of visual acuity up to complete loss of vision or loss of ability to discern color (improvement or complete restoration of vision, usually occurs within a few weeks after stopping the drug , in patients with impaired renal function treated with high doses of carboplatin, cortical blindness was observed), hearing loss, tinnitus; long-term therapy can lead to cumulative neurotoxicity.
From the side of the urinary system: increased concentrations of creatinine and urea in the blood serum (acute kidney damage was rare, the risk of nephrotoxicity when taking carboplatin increases with an increase in the dose of carboplatin, as well as in patients who had previously been treated with cisplatin).
On the part of the reproductive system: azoospermia, amenorrhea.
From the side of the water-electrolyte balance : hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hyponatremia and hypomagnesemia.
Allergic reactions: erythematous rash, fever, pruritus, urticaria, bronchospasm, lowering of blood pressure, anaphylactoid reactions, allergic reactions at the injection site; rarely - exfoliative dermatitis.
Other: changes in taste, alopecia, influenza-like symptoms (fever, fever), hemolytic-uremic syndrome, myalgia / arthralgia, heart failure, cerebrovascular disorders.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Severe renal dysfunction, previous expressed myelodepression, recent significant bleeding, pregnancy, lactation (breastfeeding), childhood, hypersensitivity to carboplatin and drugs containing platinum.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION
Contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding).
Women of childbearing age who are receiving carboplatin therapy should use reliable contraceptive measures.
In experimental studies , it has been established that carboplatin has a teratogenic and embryotoxic effect.
APPLICATION FOR FUNCTIONS OF THE LIVER
Contraindicated in severe impairment of kidney function.
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
With caution should be used in the suppression of bone marrow hematopoiesis (including against concomitant radiation or chemotherapy), previous therapy with nephrotoxic drugs (eg, cisplatin), hearing impairment, acute infectious diseases of viral, fungal or bacterial nature, in patients with ascites or exudative pleurisy, postvaccination period.
Care should be taken when using carboplatin in patients after a course of radiation therapy.
Carboplatin is used only under the supervision of a doctor who has experience of chemotherapy. Before the beginning of treatment and during it it is necessary to monitor the kidney function, the picture of peripheral blood, the neurological status, to conduct audiometry. Changes in biochemical parameters are possible: an increase in the level of urea and creatinine in the blood serum, a decrease in the concentration of magnesium, potassium, calcium.
Against the background of the use of carboplatin, vaccination of patients or their families is not recommended.
DRUG INTERACTION
When used simultaneously with drugs that have a mielodepressive, nephrotoxic effect, there may be a mutual enhancement of toxic effects.
