STRIHNIN (Strychninum).

     Chief asexual seed chilibuhi (Strychnos nux-vomica), herewith. loganievyh (Loganiaceae) occurring in tropical regions of Asia and Africa. Seven chilibuhi (walnut-emetic Strychni semen; Nux vomica) contains strychnine along with other alkaloids (vylylene etc.). Number of strychnine and brucine at least 2, 5%.

     In clinical practice using azotnokisluyu salt-strychnine nitrate (Strychnini nitras).

     Synonym : Strychninum nitricum.

     Nitrate strychnine is a brilliant ball colourless crystals or a white crystalline powder. There is a very bitter taste. It is soluble in water (1:90 in the cold) and alcohol, easily soluble in boiling water (1:5), nerastvorim broadcasts. Aqueous solutions are neutral or mildly intriguing. Solutions to sterilize + 100 C for 30 min; 0.1% solution in ampoules podkislen 0,1 said. the solution of hydrochloric acid and a pH of 3, 0, 3, 7.

     Strychnine and others chilibuhi excites and central nervous system primarily reflecting increased anxiety. Under the influence of strychnine reflex reactions become more generalized, with large doses of strychnine irritants trigger severe pain tetanicheskih convulsing.

     In therapeutic doses of strychnine has a catalytic effect on the senses (sight sharpens, taste, hearing, tactile sense), brings sosudodvigatelny and respiratory centers, tones the body skeletal muscles and heart muscle, stimulates the exchange increases the sensitivity of the retina.

     Effects of strychnine with ease of bringing mezhneyronnyh synapses in the spinal cord. It operates mainly in the area of the inserted neurons. In modern strychnine block neyromediatorov amino acid, glycine mainly playing the role of inhibiting factors in the transfer of proceedings in postsinapticheskik nervous at the end of the spinal cord. By blocking braking, strychnine has thus <<incident>> effect.

     Applied strychnine as a tonic for a total reduction of the exchange, rapid fatigability, hypotensive disease, reducing heart of the soil and eliminating infections in certain functional disorders of the visual system (ambliopiya, amavroz etc.); With appearances and paralysis (in particular, combined origin children), with atony stomach, etc. Previously, he is widely used for treatment of acute barbiturate poisoning; Now for this purpose is mainly in Bemegride (see).

     Assign inside (often in pill), and under the skin (0.1% solution). Usual adult dose of 0.0005 - 0.001 g (0.5 to 1 mg) 2 - 3 times a day. Children over 2 years appoint 0.0001 g (0.1 mg), 0.0005 g (0.5 mg) for admission, depending on the age; Until two years is not appointed.

     Higher doses for adults inside and under the skin : single 0,002 grams daily 0,005 g.

     When possible overdose voltage facial, cervical spine and muscles, difficulty in breathing, in severe cases, tetanicheskie convulsions.

     Contraindications : hypertension, bronchial asthma, strokes, atherosclerosis, acute and chronic nephritis, hepatitis, the propensity to convulsant reaction, pregnancy, Basedow's disease.

     Method of issuance : powder; 0.1% solution of 1 ml ampoules.

     Storage : A. In a list ukuporennyh banks or ampoules.

     In strychnine, apply the following drugs from chilibuhi.

     Extract chilibuhi dry. Vomitoxin dry nut extract (Extractum Strychni siccum; Extractum nucis vomicae siccum). Dry powder of a light brown color and odourless. An aqueous solution (1:10) silnogorkogo taste, turbid. It contains about 16% alkaloids (strychnine and vylylene). Assign the interior of 0,005 - 0,01 g per reception.

     Higher doses for adults inside : single 0.01 grams daily 0.03 g.

     Children under 2 years of age is not appointed.

     Storage : List A.

     Tincture chilibuhi. Tincture vomitoxin nut (Tinctura Strychni; Tinctura nucis vomicae). Transparent liquid brown color, bitter taste. A rate of 16 g of dry extract chilibuhi in 1 L of 70% alcohol. It contains about 0.25% alkaloids (strychnine and vylylene). Obschetoniziruyuschee applied as a means and an appetite for bringing sadness.

     Assign inwards (either alone or in mixtures with other settings) to 3-10 drops to a reception.

     Higher doses for adults : single 0.3 ml (15 drops), the daily 0.6 ml (30 drops).

     Children under 2 years of age is not appointed, over two years provided for 1 to 3 drops to receive, depending on age.

     Storage : List B.

     Rp. : Sol. Strychnini nitratis 1 ml 0.1%

     D.t.d. N. 3 in ampull.

     S. At 1 ml 2 - 3 times a day under the skin (adult). At 0.2 ml under the skin (children 4 years)

     Rp. : T-rae Strychni 5 ml

     T-rae Convallariae l5 ml

     M.D.S. For l5 drops 2 to 3 times a day

     Rp. : T-rae Strychni 5 ml

     T-rae Convallariae 10 ml

     T-rae Valerianae 20 ml

     M.D.S. In 10 drops of 2 to 3 times a day a child 10 years

     Rp. : Strychnini nitratis 0,001

     Natrii arsenatis 0.01

     Aq. pro injectionibus 1 ml

     D.t.d. N. in ampull 6.

     S. At 0.2 to 1 ml under the skin 1 - 2 times a day (in finished form is named <<Duplex>>

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