IZONIAZID (Isoniazidum).

     Gidrazid izonikotinovoy acid.

     Synonyms: GINK, Tubazid, Andrazide, Chemiazide, Cotinazine, Dinacrin, Ditubin, Eutizon, Hidranizil, INH, Isocotin, Isonicazid, Isonicid, Isonizid, Isotebezid, Neoteben, Niadrin, Nicazid, Nicotibina, Nicozid, Nydrazid, Pelazid, Pycazide, Pyrizidin, Rimicid, Rimifon, Tebexin, Tibizid, Zonazide and others.

     The white crystalline powder, bitter taste. Easy soluble in water, it is difficult to alcohol. Aqueous solutions (pH 6, 7, 0, O) to sterilize + 120 C for 12 min.

     He is the main representative izonikotinovoy acid derivatives, found use as anti funds. Other drugs in this group (ftivazid etc.) can be seen as derivative gidrazida izonikotinovoy acid.

     Isoniazid have a high bacterial activity against M. tuberculosis. Other common pathogens of infectious diseases, he expressed chemotherapeutic action is not.

     The product is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum concentration of the drug in blood found through 1 to 4 h after administration of the interior; During the 6-24 h after administration of single doses of blood remained tuberkulostaticheskaya concentration. The product is easily permeates through cross the blood-brain barrier and is found in different tissues and body fluids. Report the mainly kidneys.

     Apply isoniazid for the treatment of all forms and localizations of active tuberculosis in adults and children; It is most effective when fresh, ostroprotekayuschih processes.

     Assign in combination with other anti-tuberculosis drugs. If you want a mixed infection with isoniazid take other antivirus products antibiotics (broad-spectrum), sulfanilamidy, ftorhinoliny (see Ofloksatsin) and others.

     Apply isoniazid inside vnutrikavernozno, intramuscularly, intravenous ingalyatsionno.

     In appointing isoniazid and other products derived gidrazida izonikotinovoy acid (GINK) should bear in mind that in the body, these drugs inaktiviruyutsya with varying speed. Degree inaktivirovaniya determine the content GINK active in the blood and urine. The faster product inactivate blood, the greater its need for tuberkulostaticheskoy concentration in the blood, so sick, the body undergoes rapid inactivation, provide product of a few high doses. By <rapid inaktivatoram> refer patients, providing a day of the urine up to 10% of the isoniazid against the accepted dose, and to <<slow (weak)>> - emitting less than 10%.

     Inside appoint isoniazid adults and children in a daily dose of 5 to 15 mg per 1 kg of body mass in the 1 - 3 admission (after eating).

     The daily dose set individually depending on the nature and form of the disease, the degree of inactivation and portability. Treatment long.

     To prevent TB, isoniazid are only inside for 5 to 10 mg / kg / day for 1 - 2 admission; Prevention Course 2 months.

     Intramuscularly (and intravenous) isoniazid imposed in the form of active tuberculosis if the patient had difficulty in recruitment inside (the disease gastrointestinal tract, liver).

     Adults and young people entering 10% solution of 5 to 12 mg / kg / day for 2 to 5 months.

     To reduce the side effects appoint pyridoxine, which are inside of 0,06 - 0,1 g (60-100 mg), while injections isoniazid or intramuscularly to introduce 0.1-0,125 grams (100-125 mg) through Z0 minutes after the injection.

     Intravenous impose isoniazid adults and adolescents with common forms of pulmonary tuberculosis, with a massive bakteriovydelenii and if the reception inside. Enter 10% solution of 0.01 g-0,015 (10 - 15 mg) for 1 kg of body weight per day for 30 - to 60. The course of treatment 30 to 150 injections (depending on the efficiency and portability).

     To prevent and reduce the side effects, using pyridoxine, and glutaminovuyu acid. Pyridoxine impose intramuscularly 100-125 mg through Z0 min after injection of isoniazid, or give the inside of 0,06 - 0,1 g (60-100 mg) every 2 h after injection. Glutaminovuyu acid take on the 1, 0, 1, 5 g per day.

     With the introduction of intravenous isoniazid patients after injection should adhere to bed treatment within 1 - 1 5 h.

     Vnutrikavernozno impose 10% solution in a daily dose of 10 to 15 mg / kg mainly adults in cavernous and fibrozno- cavernous tuberculosis in the lungs and bakteriovydelenii preparations for the operation.

     Ingalyatsionno using 10% solution of 5 to 10 mg / kg / day (1 - 2 admission). The course of treatment for a period of 6 months, 1 day.

     When using isoniazid and other drugs of this series (ftivazid, metazid, etc.) might headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, pain in the heart, skin allergic reactions. Chance of euphoria, the deterioration of sleep, in rare cases, the development of psychosis, as well as the emergence of peripheral neuritis caused muscle wasting and paralysis of limbs. Occasionally there hepatitis drug. Very rarely in the treatment of isoniazid men have Gynecomastia, women-menorragii. For epilepsy patients may Attacks seizures.

     Side effects are usually reduce the dose or temporary suspension of admission preparation.

     To reduce side effects than glutaminovoy acid and pyridoxine, suggests solutions tiamina - intramuscularly 1 ml of 5% solution tiamina chloride or 1 mL of 6% solution tiamina bromide (in paresteziyah) natrivaya salt ATF.

     Contraindications: epilepsy, and prone to seizures convulsant previously deferred polio, a violation of the liver and kidney, expressed atherosclerosis.

     We should not take dose of isoniazid in more than 10 mg / kg of pregnancy, pulmonary phase III heart failure, hypertensive disease stage II to III, IBS distributed atherosclerosis, nervous system diseases, bronchial asthma, psoriasis, eczema in the growing phase, miksedeme.

     Counter intravenous flebitah with isoniazid.

     Method of production: tablets to 0.1; 0.2 or 0.3 g; Powder; 10% solution of 5 ml ampoule.

     Storage: List B. Powder-well ukuporennyh banks orange glass tablets in sheltered from the world scene, ampoule with a temperature higher than 10 + C.

     Prep solutions from the powder can be stored at a temperature not exceeding + 10  C is not more than 48 hours

     Isoniazid drug in a special form (solution <<Izoninidez>> Solutio <<Isonides>>) used as a diagnostic tool to prevent disease after surgical treatment for abdominal organs.

     The product is a solution containing 1 or isoniazid (10 g), polyvinylpyrrolidone nizkomolekulyarny, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium bicarbonate and water. A transparent liquid (colorless or yellow). Foamed away with.

     Effects due to the ability of isoniazid blocking the activity of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of collagen (propilgidroksilaza, liziloksidaza).

     Apply once, giving 2, 0, 2, 5 ml per 1 kg of body mass in the abdomen after the operation and careful hemostasis before ushivaniem operating wounds.

     In some cases, possible allergic reactions.

     Form release: in glass bottles (for the blood) on 100 and 200 ml.

     Storage: List B. In sheltered from the world scene with a temperature of + O C to 20 C.

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