DIHLOTIAZID (Dichlothiazidum). 6-Hlor-7- sulfamoil-3, 4-dihydro-2 H-1, 2, 4-benzotiadiazin-1 1 dioxide.

      Synonyms: Gidrohlorotiazid, Gidrohlortiazid, Gipotiazid, Digidrohlortiazid, Nefriks, Dichlotride, Dihydran, Dihydrochlorthiazid, Disalunil, Esidrex, Esidrix, Hidrosaluretil, Hydrex, Hydril, Hydrochlorthiazide, Hydro-Diuril, Hydro-Saluric, Hydrothide, Hypothiazid, Nefrix, Novodiurex, Oretic, Panurin, Unazid, Urodiazin, Vetidrex and others.

      White or white with a yellowish sheen crystalline powder. Very little is soluble in water, in little-alcohol, easy-in solutions caustic alkalis.

      Dihlotiazid is highly diureticheskim funds, with the oral application. On chemical structure, one of the group benzotiadiazina derivatives containing the situation with 7 sulfonamidnuyu group. The existence of this group of kinship with dihlotiazid diakarbom. However, the association, dihlotiazid much more efficient and karboangidrazu he oppresses a much lesser extent than diakarb.

      Diureticheskoe dihlotiazida act, as well as other groups diuretikov benzotiadiazina, due to a reduction in reabsorption of sodium and chlorine ions in the proximal (and to some extent in the distal) of izvityh Channel kidney; Reabsorption and potassium bicarbonate also oppressed, but to a lesser extent. Due to the strong increase natriyureza while increasing remove chlorides dihlotiazid seen as active salureticheskoe means; Sodium and chlorine are from the body in ekvilalentnom number. The drug has diureticheskoe act like disorders, and in alkaloze. Diuretichesky effect in long-term use dihlotiazida not reduced.

      In nesaharnom mocheiznurenii dihlotiazid, as well as several other Diuretics benzotiadiazinovogo has "paradoxical effect, causing a reduction poliurii. There is also a decrease in thirst. Very high osmotic pressure decreases blood plasma surrounding the disease. The mechanism of this effect is not clear. It is partly linked to the ability to improve concentration and kidney oppression activity center thirst.

      Dihlotiazid also has anti-hypertensive effects, which are usually higher in AD.

      Apply dihlotiazid as diureticheskogo (salureticheskogo) facilities in stagnant phenomena in a small and a large range of circulatory related cardiovascular insufficiency; The liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension phenomena; Principally and jade (except heavy progressive form of reduced speed klubochkovoy filtering); Abortion pregnant (nephropathy, swelling, eclampsia); premenstrual state, accompanied by stagnant.

      Dihlotiazid prevent delay in the body of sodium ions and water accompanying the application mineralokortikoidov, so he was appointed as swelling caused by the adrenal cortex hormones and pituitary hormone adrenokortikotropnym. Dihlotiazid prevents or reduces caused by these drugs increase AD.

      Dihlotiazid rapidly absorbed. Diuretichesky effect after receiving dihlotiazida develops quickly (during the first 1 to 2 hours) and lasts until after a single dose of 10 to 12 hours or more.

      The drug is a valuable tool for the treatment of hypertension, especially accompanied by circulatory failure. As usual dihlotiazid potentsiruet hypotensive effect of, it often appointed in combination with these drugs, especially for patients with high blood pressure. Combined treatment can be effectively and with malignant hypertension course. Doses of hypotensive drugs with combined application with dihlotiazidom can be reduced.

      Dihlotiazida several anti-hypertensive effect increases with respect bessolevoy diet, but severely restrict admission salt is not recommended.

      In some cases dihlotiazid lowers inner pressure and normalizes oftalmotonus with glaucoma (mostly in subkompensirovannyh forms). The effect is a 24-48 h after administration of the drug. Usually dihlotiazid (gipotiazid) combine with backfilling in konyunktivalny bag eye miotikov antiglaukomatoznyh or other means.

      Assign dihlotiazid inside tablets (during or after eating). Dose choose individually depending on the severity of the disease and provided effect.

      Under the dose for patients with appointment as diuretika varies from 0,025 g (25 mg) to 0.2 g (200 mg).

      In light assign cases to 0,025, 0.05 g (1 - 2 tablets) a day, in more severe cases, to 0.1 grams per day. Is one (morning), or in two installments (in the morning). Sometimes appointed to 0.2 grams per day. Increasing doses of more than 0.2 g impractical because further strengthen diureza usually does not happen. Those with older hypertensive cerebral form to recommend lower doses (0.0125 g 1 - 2 times a day).

      It may be appointed for 3-5-7 days, then make a break for 3 - 4 days and continue to receive drug; For smaller cases do break after every 1 to 2 days. In long-term care are sometimes appointed to 2 - 3 times a week. Duration and the total length of treatment depends on the nature and severity of the disease, received effect portability. Treatment, especially in the early days, to be carried out under the supervision of a doctor.

      In hypertensive appoint 0,025 - 0,05 g (1 - 2 tablets) a day usually with hypotensive drugs.

      Glaucoma Patients appoint 0,025 grams per day.

      Dihlotiazid generally well tolerated, but long-term use can develop gipokaliemiya (more moderate) and gipohloremichesky alkaloz. Gipokaliemiya more frequently in patients with cirrhosis and argued. Gipohloremichesky alkaloz more common in bessolevoy diet or loss of chloride in connection with vomiting or diarrhoea. Treatment dihlotiazidom recommended against the backdrop of a diet rich in potassium salt (potassium salts found in relatively large quantities of potatoes, carrots, beets, apricots, beans, peas, rice grains, wheat, beef). . When symptoms gipokaliemii should appoint papangin, potassium salt (potassium chloride solution at the rate of 2 g of the drug per day) (see Potassium chloride). Potassium salts are also encouraged to nominate patients receiving both drugs with dihlotiazidom lapidary and corticosteroids. In gipohloremicheskom alkaloze designate sodium chloride.

      To avoid gipokaliemii can take gipotiazid (as well as other saluretiki) with kaliysberegayuschimi diuretikami.

      When combined with kidney disease dihlotiazid kaliysberegayuschimi and kaliysoderzhaschimi drugs should not be.

      Before dihlotiazida (and other tiazidnyh diuretikov) could experience a decrease in the allocation of uric acid from the body and exacerbate latent gout. In these cases, while tiazidami allopurinol may be nominated (see). Thiazides could also cause giperglikemiyu and worsening diabetes.

      When using large doses dihlotiazida may sometimes be a weakness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; These effects are decreased dose or short break to receive the drug. In rare cases, there dermatitis.

      In combination with ganglioblokiruyuschimi drugs should be given to strengthening the postural hypotension.

      Contraindications: severe renal failure expressed by liver failure, severe diabetes and gout.

      In treatment dihlotiazidom to monitor the level diureza, electrolyte composition blood AD.

      Nor should designate product in the first half of pregnancy.

      Product: pills to 0,025 and 0.1 g (25 and 100 mg) in a package of 20 pieces.

      Storage: List B. In dry place.

      Gidrohlortiazid (dihlotiazid) is a member of the combined drugs adelfan- ezidreks, trirezid, triniton (see Reserpine) moduretik (see Amilorid) triampur (see Triamteren).

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