TSIKLOSPORIN (Cyclosporinum).

     The product polipeptidioy nature, consisting of 11 amino acid residues. The first was isolated from some species of mushrooms (Su clindo with aprum lucidum and T richoderma polysporum).

     Synonyms: Sandimmun [name of the drug company Sandoz (Switzerland), Cyclorin, Cyclosporin A, Sandimmun.

     The product has a powerful immunodepressivnoy activity, prolongs the survival time of different fixed tissues (skin, kidneys, heart, etc.).

     Mechanism of Cyclosporine linked to the selective and reversible changes in the functions of lymphocytes, through suppression and secretion limfokinov and bind to specific receptors. Reversible suppression of Interleukin-2 and T-cell growth factor leads to the suppression of differentiation and proliferation T-cells involved in graft rejection, reduce production and other interleykinov limfokinov.

     Cyclosporine is the principal means of preventing transplant rejection in allogeneic transplant kidneys, hearts, lungs and other organs, as well as bone marrow transplants.

     Cyclosporine also apply to reduce transplant rejection response in patients previously receiving other immunosuppressants.

     The product introduced intravenously, and the interior. In organ transplants are treated for 4 to 12 hours before transplantation operation. In bone marrow transplantation starting dose before entering the operation.

     Usually starting dose intravenous enter and continue intravenous injections over two weeks. Then move on to oral supportive therapy.

     It should be remembered that Cyclosporine has high nefro- and hepatotoxicity.

     The basic principle of medicine is the best balance between individual and transferred immunodepressivnoy doses (not responding with toxic action).

     Cyclosporine impose slow intravenous (kapelno) in isotonic sodium chloride solution, or 5% glucose solution. Initial dose is usually in a vein in 3 to 5 mg / kg per day for admission into 10 of 15 mg / kg per day. Then pick doses of Cyclosporine concentrations in the blood. Defining concentration should be performed daily. For research use radioimmunologichesky method using special kits (eg, "Sandoimmun-Kit").

     Cyclosporine Application must be made only by doctors who have sufficient experience therapy immunosuppressants.

     When treating Cyclosporine can see various side effects: Violations of kidney function, liver, gastrointestinal tract (nausea, vomiting, anorexia), malignant gums, thrombocytopenia, delayed fluid in the body, convulsions, etc.

     Method of issuance: solution for oral use, containing 100 mg in 1 ml; Concentrate intravenous infusion (ampoule and 1 or 5 ml containing 50 or 650 mg in 1 mL); Capsules containing 50 or 100 mg Cyclosporine. Cyclosporine A solution is available with polioksietilirovannogo castor oil (which can sometimes cause anafilaktoidnye reaction) and ethanol.

     Concentrate Cyclosporine intravenous razvodyat isotonic sodium chloride solution, or 5% glucose solution in the ratio of 1:20, 1:100 directly to the application. Dilute solution can be stored no more than 48 hours

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