KALTSITONIN (Calcitonin).

     Hormone gipokaltsiemicheskogo action formulated parafollikulyarnymi lighter cell thyroid gland and the same cells and glands paraschitovidnyh mammals, animals and humans.

     On the chemical nature kaltsitonin polypeptid is composed of 32 amino acid residues; The molecular mass of 3600-4000.

     There are currently eight known types kaltsitonina, of which medical importance kaltsitonin salmon, pigs and humans. A synthetic methods for kaltsitonina.

     Drug activity is expressed in units of (ED) or international units (IU) and is a biological radioimmunological method. In determining the biological method to take the number one ED hormone that causes in rats (in certain experience) reduction of calcium in the blood by 10%. 1 IU with 0.2 ug clean peptide (synthetic kaltsitonina salmon).

     Abroad, natural and synthetic drugs kaltsitonina issued under the title : Calcimar, Calcitar, Calcitonin, Caldcalcin, Calirsan, Calsynar, Cibacalcin, Elcatonin, Miacalcic, Miacalcin, Salcatonin, Thyrocalcitonin and others.

     We have developed injecting drug kaltsitonina form of thyroid pigs called <Kaltsitrin>.

     Kaltsitonin always present in the blood. His concentration admission diet rich in calcium salt.

     Physiological role kaltsitonina is involved in regulation of the exchange of calcium and phosphate in the body; It involves parathyroid and activated form of vitamin D (see Ergokaltsiferol).

     Kaltsitonin markedly reduces calcium from the bones under such conditions that are associated with sharply higher speeds rezorbtsii education and bone, such as Pedzheta disease, malignant osteolize and some forms of osteoporosis, high-mineral exchange. The drug suppresses the activity of osteoclasts and promotes education and activism osteoblastov; Oppressing osteoliz, reducing high concentrations of calcium in blood serum. Moreover, increased allocation of calcium, phosphorus and sodium in the urine by reducing their reabsorption in the renal reabsorption. However, the concentration of serum calcium does not fall below values rule.

     Kaltsitonin also reduces the secretion of gastric and pancreatic secretion ekzokrinnuyu not affecting mobility zheludochnokishechnogo tract. Clinical studies show that medication has analgeticheskoe effect.

     Kaltsitonin used in the treatment of systemic disease characterized by enhanced restructuring skeleton : Pedzheta disease, osteogenesis imperfect, spontaneous bone resorption, aseptic necrosis heads femurs, menopause, steroid, paratireoidnom and other forms of osteoporosis, fibrous dysplasia, as well as with aggravated during traumatic defeat bones (slow bold fractures, traumatic and wounding ray, pathological alteration zone bones from the athletes), gum and other diseases.

     Therapeutic effect kaltsitonina due mainly to the ability to inhibit and stimulate rezorbtsii processes deposits of calcium and phosphate in bone. Under his influence falling down to normal levels in the urine of oksiprolina and activity in the blood alkaline phosphatase, which indicates to a slowdown rezorbtsii and restructuring bone; Improving the subjective state of the sick, weak or pain disappear.

     Kaltsitonin applied subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intravenously, as well as the route. After subcutaneous and intramuscular a peak concentration in plasma is within 1 h; Half-time 70-90 min. Write largely through the kidneys.

     In pressing heavy state (giperkaltsiemicheskih crises) kaltsitonin injected at a rate of 5 to 10 IU per 1 kg of body weight per day. Let's 500 ml isotonic sodium chloride solution, introducing drip for 6 h in 2 - 4 reception during the day. In chronic conditions imposed subcutaneously or intramuscularly at a rate of 5 to 10 IU / kg / day for 1 - 2 admission.

     In all cases, treatment should be done under the supervision of clinical and biochemical indicators of response to individual choice and maintaining optimal therapeutic doses.

     There aerosol form kaltsitonina intranasal. Doses range from 100 to 400 IU a day (in a few receptions).

     Duration of treatment kaltsitoninom depend on the patient and efficient therapy. Usually the main course be 2 to 4 weeks, then reduce the dose and continue treatment at a reduced dose (6 weeks).

     Kaltsitonin as polypeptide can cause the general and local hypersensitivity reactions (nausea, vomiting, tidal blood to a person); In the case of drug hypersensitivity expressed events cancelled.

     Should his appointment in gipokaltsiemii, pregnant and breastfeeding. There is enough experience with the drug in children.

     Intranasal introduction requires caution in patients with chronic rhinitis. It should also be borne in mind that with this kind of drug use has increased bioavailability.

     Method of issuance : in 1 ml ampoules containing 50 or 100 IU kaltsitonina; In vials (2 mL) containing 100 or 400 IU (to drip infusion); In vials with the aerosol (Miakaltsik, Miacalcic) containing 14 single-dose of 50 or 100 IU.

     Storage : List B. With the temperature + 2 + 8 C.

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