Universal reference book for medicines
Product name: CARNICETHIN В® (CARNICETINE)

Active substance: acetylcarnitine

Type: A drug that improves the metabolism and energy supply of tissues

Manufacturer: PIK-PHARMA (Russia) manufactured by PIK-PHARMA PRO (Russia)
Composition, form of production and packaging
Capsules
hard gelatinous, size в„–0, white;
the contents of the capsules are white to white powder with a yellowish tint of color, with a faint smell of acetic acid.
1 caps.

acetylcarnitine hydrochloride 295 mg,

which corresponds to the content of acetylcarnitine 250 mg

Excipients: microcrystalline cellulose, silicon dioxide colloid (aerosil A-300), magnesium stearate.

The composition of the capsule shell: gelatin, glycerol (glycerin), nipagin (methyl parahydroxybenzoate), nipase (propylparahydroxybenzoate), sodium lauryl sulfate, purified water, titanium dioxide.

60 pcs.
- polymer cans (1) - packs of cardboard.
10 pieces.
- packings cellular planimetric (6) - packs cardboard.
15 pcs.
- packings cellular planimetric (4) - packs cardboard.
INSTRUCTION FOR THE SPECIALIST.

Description of the drug approved by the manufacturer for the printed edition of 2012.

PHARMACHOLOGIC EFFECT

Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALA), a natural biologically active substance, physiologically present in the body in various organs and tissues, including the central nervous system, is involved in the metabolism of fatty acids and carbohydrates.
The pharmacological and biological effects of ALA are largely due to the metabolic effects of L-carnitine and the acetyl group included in its composition. Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALA) is a biologically active form of L-carnitine, a key substance in the process of fat catabolism and energy production in the body. ALA is synthesized in the brain tissue, liver and kidneys from L-carnitine with the participation of the enzyme carnitine acetyltransferase. Because ALA supplies activated acetate directly to the mitochondrial matrix for the formation of acetyl CoA involved in the cycle of tricarboxylic acids, without additional expenditure of energy, it is an easily accessible substrate for the initiation of energy-dependent metabolic processes in the mitochondria. Due to the full energy supply of the body with less oxygen consumption by tissues, ALA protects brain tissue from ischemia.
Due to its structural similarity with acetylcholine, ALA has a cholinomimetic effect, and also exhibits neuroprotective properties.
It increases the cellular concentration of aspartic and glutamic acid, as well as taurine, with prolonged use, increases the density of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the hippocampus, cortex and striatum and prevents their density from decreasing under the conditions of aging. ALA enhances the effects of serotonin, and also protects brain cells from the neurotoxic effects of ammonia and glutamate.
The results of experimental studies have shown that ALA has antiamnestic activity, the ability to improve learning processes, the indices of non-associative memory, to have a positive effect on mnestic functions in the experimental model of Alzheimer's disease without causing side effects of a sedative and miorelaxing nature.

ALA increases energy production, being an easily accessible substrate for the initiation of volatile metabolic processes in the mitochondria.
Stimulates the synthesis of proteins and phospholipids to build membranes, improves regeneration processes. When pathology has a neuroprotective effect, especially in relation to neurons and their organelles (mitochondria), as well as neurotrophic action due to modulation of the activity of the nerve growth factor (NGF). It has antioxidant and membrane stabilizing action. ALA can accelerate the regeneration of nerve cells in traumatic and endocrine lesions of peripheral nerves in experimental models of polyneuropathy in diabetes.
The noticeable effect of ALA has a slowing down of the aging process due to the increase in the transport of fatty acids in the mitochondria and the maintenance of their work at the level of the young organism.
ALA can accelerate the regeneration of nerve cells in traumatic and endocrine lesions of peripheral nerves in experimental models of diabetes.
PHARMACOKINETICS

In animal studies with oral administration (500 mg / kg), the maximum concentration of the drug in the blood comes in 4 hours and is 40 ОјM / L for 8 hours. Absorption of ALA from the gastrointestinal tract occurs due to active transport or by simple diffusion through the mucosa subject to its high concentration).
In most tissues, including cerebral, ALA comes from the bloodstream (except the liver and small intestine) in unchanged form. In the cell ALA comes through a direct volatile process against the concentration gradient. It is excreted from the body by the kidneys.
INDICATIONS

- Initial dementia of the Alzheimer's type (Alzheimer's disease) and cerebrovascular dementia;

- peripheral neuropathy of various etiologies;

- primary and secondary involutionary syndromes on the background of vascular encephalopathy;

- Decreased mental performance, to improve concentration and memory.

DOSING MODE

Carnitine is taken internally.
A single dose for adults is usually 1-4 capsules, a daily dose of 6-12 capsules. The course of treatment - 1-4 months.
SIDE EFFECT

There may be allergic reactions, nausea, heartburn.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

- individual hypersensitivity to the drug;

- age under 18 years (efficiency and safety not established).

PREGNANCY AND LACTATION

Special studies on the possibility of use during pregnancy and during breastfeeding were not conducted.
The drug is used only if the intended benefit to the mother exceeds the risk to the fetus. For the duration of treatment, breastfeeding should be discontinued.
APPLICATION FOR CHILDREN

Contraindicated at the age of 18 years (efficacy and safety not established).

OVERDOSE

Cases of overdose are not registered.

DRUG INTERACTION

No cases of drug interaction were noted.

TERMS OF RELEASE FROM PHARMACY

On prescription.

TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF STORAGE

Store in a dry place, protected from light and out of reach of children, at a temperature not exceeding 25 В° C.

Shelf life - 2 years.
Do not use after expiry date.
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